Allyl Caproate
Allyl Caproate, also known as allyl hexanoate, is a clear colourless liquid with a powerful, sweet, pineapple-like aroma carrying secondary notes of green apple and tropical fruit peel.
The compound has the molecular formula C₉H₁₆O₂ and CAS number 123-68-2. It is the allyl ester of hexanoic acid and ranks as one of the most-used pineapple flavour materials in the industry.
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- Packaging
- 250 kg plastic drum or 1,000 kg IBC tote
- ISO 9001
- HACCP
- Halal
- Kosher
Specifications
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Colourless to very pale yellow clear liquid |
| Odour | Sweet, powerful pineapple with green apple and tropical peel notes |
| Assay (GC) | ≥ 98.0% |
| Colour (APHA) | ≤ 20 |
| Specific Gravity (25/25 °C) | 0.878-0.888 |
| Refractive Index (20 °C) | 1.4210-1.4260 |
| Acid Value | ≤ 1.0 mg KOH/g |
| Ester Content (as C₉H₁₆O₂) | ≥ 98.0% |
| Solubility (70% ethanol, 20 °C) | 1 mL dissolves in 3 mL, clear solution |
| Water Content (Karl Fischer) | ≤ 0.5% |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 mg/kg |
| Lead | ≤ 2 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | ≤ 3 mg/kg |
| Shelf Life | 24 months in sealed original container |
Common Markets Grades
Allyl Caproate is produced almost exclusively in flavour grade.
The standard commercial quality carries a minimum assay of 98 percent with FCC-grade controls on acid value, refractive index, and specific gravity. Colour is held below 20 APHA.
A higher 99 percent grade is produced for high-impact pineapple compositions and for applications where minimal residual hexanoic acid is required to avoid off-notes during storage.
Kosher and Halal certification are routinely available. Packaging is normally in lined steel drums or epoxy-coated IBCs because the free acid impurity can attack uncoated metal over time.
Applications
- Pineapple flavour systems as the dominant character impact ester
- Tropical fruit accords including mango, guava, and passionfruit blends
- Tutti-frutti and exotic fruit cocktail flavours for confectionery and beverages
- Green apple and pear compositions for hard candy and chewy candy
- Strawberry and red berry flavours as a fruity lift and diffusion enhancer
- Banana flavour blends as a ripe top-note modifier
- Frozen dessert and ice cream applications for tropical and mixed-fruit products
- Soft drinks, juice drinks, and ready-to-drink tea formulations
- Chewing gum flavour compositions for sustained fruit impact
- Bakery flavour systems for fruit fillings, cake mixes, and pastry glazes
- Dairy applications including yogurt, milk drinks, and pudding flavours
- Fine fragrance and personal care for tropical and fruity accords
How We Help Source Allyl Caproate
Direct Factory Sourcing
We run the whole process: selecting the manufacturer from the top Chinese food ingredient producers, negotiating the price, verifying quality, and coordinating the logistics. You deal with us instead of with several factories at once.
Original Packaging and Documents from the Manufacturer
The manufacturer sends your Allyl Caproate out of its own factory in the original packing, through to your destination port. The COA, COO, MSDS, TDS and any certifications reach you from the manufacturer as well.
Free Samples and Lead Time
We send 100 to 500 g free for your own laboratory to test and you cover only the courier, usually within 2 to 3 working days. ETD is usually within 7 to 15 days once the order is confirmed, and we check that date against the factory's own manufacturing schedule before we give it to you.
Combined Shipment
We can load Allyl Caproate together with other ingredients such as Capsicum Oleoresin, Ethyl Maltol and White Pepper into one 20' FCL. If your quantity is small, we can also ship LCL.
Regulatory Status
Allyl Caproate is approved as a flavouring substance worldwide.
FEMA has assigned GRAS number 2032 for use as a flavour in food. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration permits the substance as a synthetic flavouring agent under 21 CFR 172.515.
The European Food Safety Authority evaluated the molecule within flavouring group FGE.16, which covers allyl esters of straight-chain carboxylic acids. The panel set conservative use levels in line with the structural class. The substance carries FL number 09.244 in the Union list of flavourings.
JECFA reviewed the substance in the allyl esters group and recommended limits consistent with the EFSA opinion. The Council of Europe lists it under number 2032.
Japan permits the substance under its flavour regulation. Reference material is stocked by the principal analytical standards suppliers.
Manufacturing Process
Allyl Caproate is produced by direct esterification of hexanoic acid with allyl alcohol.
The reaction is run in a stirred tank or continuous reactor using a mineral acid catalyst, typically sulphuric or p-toluenesulfonic acid, with toluene or cyclohexane as an azeotropic entrainer to drive water out of the equilibrium. Conversion above 97 percent is reached within a few hours at reflux.
The crude reaction mixture is cooled, neutralised with aqueous sodium carbonate, washed to remove residual acid and catalyst, dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate or molecular sieve, and fractionally distilled under reduced pressure.
Special care is taken with allyl alcohol handling because it is highly toxic and makes the eyes water. Producers normally segregate allyl ester production lines from food-grade carboxylic acid streams.
Major producers include Symrise, IFF, and several specialist Chinese flavour houses.
